Översikt av filsystemet

bin

Contains terminal commands that are useful to system administrators (who have full access privileges) and to regular users (who have limited access privileges). The commands in this directory are essential to the operation of a Linux system. Some of the commands in the bin directory are bash, ls, cp, and cat.

boot

Innehåller filerna som behövs för startprocessen. I fallet för Kubuntu, innehåller det filerna för starthanteraren GRUB, startsektor, katalogfiler och Linux kärnan.

cdrom

A symlink or “symbolic link” to /media/cdrom, which itself is a symlink to /media/cdrom0. If a CD is placed into the CDROM drive, the contents of that CD will be available in /media/cdrom0 directory.

dev

Location of special or device files. For example, /dev/sda0 is the first partition on the hard drive.

etc

Innehåller systemrelaterade konfigurationsfiler som används till att kontrollera funktionerna i programmen.

home

Innehåller en hemkatalog för varje användare på systemet. En användares hemkatalog kan innehålla personliga konfigurationsfiler och filer som dokument, musik, film och andra av användaren skapade kataloger och filer.

initrd.img

A symlink to /boot/initrd.img-<kernel version> which is required for system startup.

lib

Contains the kernel modules in addition to shared library images needed to boot the system and run commands.

lib32

Samma som lib ovan, men innehåller enbart 32-bitars versioner.

lib64

Samma som lib ovan, men innehåller enbart 64-bitars versioner.

lost+found

Contains the results of any recovery operation due to an improper shutdown of the system or a system crash.

media

Contains the subdirectories which are used as mount points for removable media such as CDROM drives, USB disks, floppy disks.

mnt

Generic mount point for filesystems or devices. In most cases, /media is where most devices will be automounted.

opt

Short for “optional”. This directory is used for add-on packages that are typically installed manually by the user.

proc

Virtual filesystem that contains runtime system information which is presented in a file-like structure.

root

The home directory of the system administrator known as “root”.

sbin

Contains programs that are essential to the working of the system, such as fdisk, ifconfig, reboot, and shutdown.

selinux

A pseudo-filesystem containing the commands used by the kernel subsystem for the Security-Enhanced Linux feature.

srv

Contains site-specific data which is served by the system.

sys

Contains the Linux kernel, firmware and system-related files.

tmp

Contains files that are required temporarily. Many programs use this directory to create lock files and for temporary storage of data.

usr

Contains the largest share of data on the system, including read-only user data, as well as files and programs and such as program binaries, documentation, libraries, header files, and more.

var

Contains variable data such as system log files, mail and printer spool directories, as well as transient and temporary files.

vmlinuz

A symlink to a compressed executable of the Linux kernel.